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	<title>Joseph Larmarange</title>
	<link>https://joseph.larmarange.net/</link>
	<description>D&#233;mographe en sant&#233; publique, directeur de recherche HDR &#224; l'IRD,directeur adjoint du Ceped (UMR 196 Universit&#233; Paris Cit&#233;, IRD, Universit&#233; Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm)</description>
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<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>D&#233;crire les &#233;pid&#233;mies, Comprendre les populations&#160;: une d&#233;mographie du VIH en Afrique subsaharienne</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/hdr</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/hdr</guid>
		<dc:date>2022-10-14T06:38:12Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Afrique subsaharienne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>ATLAS</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>CAP-CoV-Soignants-BF</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>DOD-CI (ANRS 12287 / 12323)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>ELIHoS (ANRS 12139)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>PrEP CI (ANRS 12361)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>PRINCESSE</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>TasP (ANRS 12249)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Afrique du Sud</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Burkina Faso</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>C&#244;te d'Ivoire</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mali</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>S&#233;n&#233;gal</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Acc&#232;s aux soins</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Analyse de s&#233;quences</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Approches biographiques</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Approches communautaires</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Autotests VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cascade des soins</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Comparaison de cohortes</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Comportements sexuels</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>D&#233;mographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>D&#233;pistage</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Enqu&#234;tes par t&#233;l&#233;phone</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Enseignement acad&#233;mique</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Lien vers les soins</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>&#201;pid&#233;miologie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Essais cliniques</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Femmes enceintes</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Financement des programmes</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>H&#233;patites virales</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Homo / Bisexualit&#233;s</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Identit&#233;s sexuelles</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Incidence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>IST (Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Itin&#233;raires th&#233;rapeutiques</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Masculinit&#233;s</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>M&#233;nages</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mesure d'impact</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mesure des indicateurs</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>M&#233;thodologie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Migrations</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Observatoire de population</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Partenaires sexuel(le)s</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>PrEP</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;vention</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Prise en charge</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Recherche interventionnelle</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Recherche participative/communautaire</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Recrutement &#171;&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;boules de neige&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;&#187;</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Repr&#233;sentations / Perceptions</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Repr&#233;sentativit&#233; et Biais</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Sant&#233; publique</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Sant&#233; sexuelle</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Structure des populations</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Structures de sant&#233;</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Surveillance sentinelle</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>T&#233;l&#233;phones mobiles</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Temporalit&#233;s</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Traitement antir&#233;troviral (ARV)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Travail du sexe</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Treatment as Prevention (TasP)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Universal Test &amp; Treat (UTT)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Usager&lt;span aria-hidden='true'&gt;&#183;&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span aria-hidden='true'&gt;&#183;&lt;/span&gt;s de drogue</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>VIH / SIDA</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Habilitation &#224; Diriger des Recherches soutenue le 12&#160;octobre 2012 par Joseph Larmarange &#224; l'Universit&#233; Paris Cit&#233;. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; D&#233;crire les &#233;pid&#233;mies, Comprendre les populations&#160;: une d&#233;mographie du VIH en Afrique subsaharienne &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Joseph Larmarange D&#233;mographie. Universit&#233; Paris Cit&#233;, 2022 HDR tel-03814024&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Publications-11-" rel="directory"&gt;Publications&lt;/a&gt;

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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Afrique-subsaharienne-+" rel="tag"&gt;Afrique subsaharienne&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-ATLAS-+" rel="tag"&gt;ATLAS&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-CAP-CoV-Soignants-BF-+" rel="tag"&gt;CAP-CoV-Soignants-BF&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-DOD-CI-ANRS-12287-+" rel="tag"&gt;DOD-CI (ANRS 12287 / 12323)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-ELIHoS-ANRS-12139-+" rel="tag"&gt;ELIHoS (ANRS 12139)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-PrEP-CI-ANRS-12361-+" rel="tag"&gt;PrEP CI (ANRS 12361)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalences-du-VIH-ANRS-12114-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-PRINCESSE-+" rel="tag"&gt;PRINCESSE&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-TasP-ANRS-12249-97-+" rel="tag"&gt;TasP (ANRS 12249)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Afrique-du-Sud-+" rel="tag"&gt;Afrique du Sud&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Burkina-Faso-+" rel="tag"&gt;Burkina Faso&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cote-d-Ivoire-+" rel="tag"&gt;C&#244;te d'Ivoire&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Mali-+" rel="tag"&gt;Mali&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Senegal-+" rel="tag"&gt;S&#233;n&#233;gal&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Acces-aux-soins-+" rel="tag"&gt;Acc&#232;s aux soins&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Analyse-de-sequences-+" rel="tag"&gt;Analyse de s&#233;quences&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Approches-biographiques-+" rel="tag"&gt;Approches biographiques&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Approches-communautaires-+" rel="tag"&gt;Approches communautaires&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Autotests-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Autotests VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cartographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cartographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cascade-des-soins-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cascade des soins&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Comparaison-de-cohortes-+" rel="tag"&gt;Comparaison de cohortes&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Comportements-sexuels-+" rel="tag"&gt;Comportements sexuels&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Demographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;D&#233;mographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Depistage-+" rel="tag"&gt;D&#233;pistage&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-EDS-Enquetes-Demographiques-et-de-+" rel="tag"&gt;EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Enquetes-par-telephone-+" rel="tag"&gt;Enqu&#234;tes par t&#233;l&#233;phone&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Enseignement-academique-+" rel="tag"&gt;Enseignement acad&#233;mique&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Entree-en-soins-+" rel="tag"&gt;Lien vers les soins&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Epidemiologie-+" rel="tag"&gt;&#201;pid&#233;miologie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Essais-cliniques-+" rel="tag"&gt;Essais cliniques&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Estimateurs-a-noyau-kernel-density-+" rel="tag"&gt;Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Femmes-enceintes-+" rel="tag"&gt;Femmes enceintes&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Financement-des-programmes-+" rel="tag"&gt;Financement des programmes&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Hepatites-virales-+" rel="tag"&gt;H&#233;patites virales&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-MSM-Homo-Bisexualite-+" rel="tag"&gt;Homo / Bisexualit&#233;s&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Identites-sexuelles-+" rel="tag"&gt;Identit&#233;s sexuelles&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Incidence-du-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Incidence du VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-IST-Infections-Sexuellement-+" rel="tag"&gt;IST (Infections Sexuellement Transmissibles)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Itineraires-therapeutiques-+" rel="tag"&gt;Itin&#233;raires th&#233;rapeutiques&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Masculinites-+" rel="tag"&gt;Masculinit&#233;s&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Menages-+" rel="tag"&gt;M&#233;nages&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Mesure-d-impact-+" rel="tag"&gt;Mesure d'impact&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Validite-de-la-mesure-+" rel="tag"&gt;Mesure des indicateurs&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Methodologie-+" rel="tag"&gt;M&#233;thodologie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Migrations-+" rel="tag"&gt;Migrations&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Observatoire-de-population-+" rel="tag"&gt;Observatoire de population&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Partenaires-sexuel-le-s-+" rel="tag"&gt;Partenaires sexuel(le)s&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-PrEP-+" rel="tag"&gt;PrEP&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalence-du-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valence du VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevention-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;vention&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prise-en-charge-+" rel="tag"&gt;Prise en charge&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Recherche-interventionnelle-+" rel="tag"&gt;Recherche interventionnelle&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Recherche-participative-+" rel="tag"&gt;Recherche participative/communautaire&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Recrutement-boules-de-neige-+" rel="tag"&gt;Recrutement &#171;&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;boules de neige&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;&#187;&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Representations-Perceptions-+" rel="tag"&gt;Repr&#233;sentations / Perceptions&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Representativite-et-Biais-+" rel="tag"&gt;Repr&#233;sentativit&#233; et Biais&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Sante-publique-+" rel="tag"&gt;Sant&#233; publique&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Sante-sexuelle-+" rel="tag"&gt;Sant&#233; sexuelle&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Structure-des-populations-+" rel="tag"&gt;Structure des populations&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Structures-de-sante-+" rel="tag"&gt;Structures de sant&#233;&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Surveillance-sentinelle-+" rel="tag"&gt;Surveillance sentinelle&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Telephones-mobiles-+" rel="tag"&gt;T&#233;l&#233;phones mobiles&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Temporalites-142-+" rel="tag"&gt;Temporalit&#233;s&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Traitement-antiretroviral-ARV-98-98-+" rel="tag"&gt;Traitement antir&#233;troviral (ARV)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Travail-du-sexe-+" rel="tag"&gt;Travail du sexe&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Treatment-as-Prevention-TasP-105-+" rel="tag"&gt;Treatment as Prevention (TasP)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Universal-Test-Treat-UTT-+" rel="tag"&gt;Universal Test &amp; Treat (UTT)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Usagers-de-drogue-par-voie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Usager&lt;span aria-hidden='true'&gt;&#183;&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span aria-hidden='true'&gt;&#183;&lt;/span&gt;s de drogue&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-VIH-SIDA-+" rel="tag"&gt;VIH / SIDA&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


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		&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Habilitation &#224; Diriger des Recherches soutenue le 12&#160;octobre 2012 par Joseph Larmarange &#224; l'Universit&#233; Paris Cit&#233;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;hal-resultats&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;hal-resultat hal-resultat-3814024&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;hal-thumb&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;https://theses.hal.science/tel-03814024v1/document&#034; class=&#034;hal-thumb-link&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L53xH75/thumb-877a2ad2-17cac.png?1702907846' alt=&#034;Image document&#034; width='53' height='75' /&gt; &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;hal-preview&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;https://theses.hal.science/tel-03814024v1&#034; class=&#034;hal-titre&#034;&gt; &lt;h3 class=&#034;hal-titre-heading&#034;&gt;D&#233;crire les &#233;pid&#233;mies, Comprendre les populations : une d&#233;mographie du VIH en Afrique subsaharienne&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;hal-auteurs&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;https://hal.science/search/index/q/*/authIdHal_s/joseph-larmarange&#034; class=&#034;hal-auteur&#034;&gt;Joseph Larmarange&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;hal-citation&#034;&gt;D&#233;mographie. Universit&#233; Paris Cit&#233;, 2022&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;hal-typedoc hal-typedoc-hdr&#034;&gt;HDR&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;hal-links&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;https://theses.hal.science/tel-03814024v1&#034; class=&#034;hal-link hal-link-hal&#034;&gt;tel-03814024&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;iframe width=&#034;100%&#034; height=&#034;500&#034; src=&#034;https://www.youtube.com/embed/me6rDSq0p0k&#034; title=&#034;YouTube video player&#034; frameborder=&#034;0&#034; allow=&#034;accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture&#034; allowfullscreen&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Jury&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; Didier Breton (Universit&#233; de Strasbourg, rapporteur)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Val&#233;rie Delauney (IRD, rapportrice)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Annabel Desgr&#233;es du Lo&#251; (IRD, garante)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; G&#233;raldine Duth&#233; (Ined, rapportrice)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Didier Ekouevi (Inserm, Universit&#233; de Lom&#233;, examinateur)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; V&#233;ronique Petit (Universit&#233; Paris Cit&#233;, pr&#233;sidente)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Evaluation of geospatial methods to generate subnational HIV prevalence estimates for local level planning</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/Evaluation-of-geospatial-methods</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/Evaluation-of-geospatial-methods</guid>
		<dc:date>2016-05-14T14:35:02Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>VIH / SIDA</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mesure des indicateurs</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Afrique subsaharienne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Author &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
The Subnational Estimates Working Group of the HIV Modelling Consortium &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Objective: There is evidence of substantial subnational variation in the HIV epidemic. However, robust spatial HIV data are often only available at high levels of geographic aggregation and not at the finer resolution needed for decision making. Therefore, spatial analysis methods that leverage available data to provide local estimates of HIV prevalence may be useful. Such methods exist but have not&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Publications-11-" rel="directory"&gt;Publications&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-VIH-SIDA-+" rel="tag"&gt;VIH / SIDA&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalence-du-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valence du VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Validite-de-la-mesure-+" rel="tag"&gt;Mesure des indicateurs&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Afrique-subsaharienne-+" rel="tag"&gt;Afrique subsaharienne&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Estimateurs-a-noyau-kernel-density-+" rel="tag"&gt;Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L150xH113/arton183-8c7b1.jpg?1715174708' class='spip_logo spip_logo_right' width='150' height='113' alt=&#034;&#034; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Author&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Subnational Estimates Working Group of the HIV Modelling Consortium&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Abstract&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; There is evidence of substantial subnational variation in the HIV epidemic. However, robust spatial HIV data are often only available at high levels of geographic aggregation and not at the finer resolution needed for decision making. Therefore, spatial analysis methods that leverage available data to provide local estimates of HIV prevalence may be useful. Such methods exist but have not been formally compared when applied to HIV.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design/methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Six candidate methods &#8211; including those used by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS to generate maps and a Bayesian geostatistical approach applied to other diseases &#8211; were used to generate maps and subnational estimates of HIV prevalence across three countries using cluster level data from household surveys. Two approaches were used to assess the accuracy of predictions: internal validation, whereby a proportion of input data is held back (test dataset) to challenge predictions; and comparison with location-specific data from household surveys in earlier years.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Each of the methods can generate usefully accurate predictions of prevalence at unsampled locations, with the magnitude of the error in predictions similar across approaches. However, the Bayesian geostatistical approach consistently gave marginally the strongest statistical performance across countries and validation procedures.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Available methods may be able to furnish estimates of HIV prevalence at finer spatial scales than the data currently allow. The subnational variation revealed can be integrated into planning to ensure responsiveness to the spatial features of the epidemic. The Bayesian geostatistical approach is a promising strategy for integrating HIV data to generate robust local estimates.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Reference&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;5Z97K63R&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Subnational Estimates Working Group of the HIV Modelling Consortium&lt;/span&gt; (2016) &#8220;Evaluation of geospatial methods to generate subnational HIV prevalence estimates for local level planning&#8221;, &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;AIDS (London, England)&lt;/span&gt;, 30 (9) (June 1), p.&#160;1467-1474. DOI&#160;: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001075.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/Developing-subnational-estimates</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/Developing-subnational-estimates</guid>
		<dc:date>2014-12-16T12:00:47Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>VIH / SIDA</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mod&#233;lisation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Afrique subsaharienne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>&#201;pid&#233;miologie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;A series of reports developed for UNAIDS and presenting HIV estimates at sub-national level computed from Demographic and Health Surveys. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
The method has been fully described in HIV estimates at second subnational level from national population-based surveys (AIDS 2014). &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Reports are available on UNAIDS webiste, under the Subnational estimates from survey data heading. References &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Larmarange Joseph (2014) Zimbabwe: Developing subnational estimates&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


-
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Publications-11-" rel="directory"&gt;Publications&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-VIH-SIDA-+" rel="tag"&gt;VIH / SIDA&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalence-du-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valence du VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cartographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cartographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-EDS-Enquetes-Demographiques-et-de-+" rel="tag"&gt;EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Modelisation-+" rel="tag"&gt;Mod&#233;lisation&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Afrique-subsaharienne-+" rel="tag"&gt;Afrique subsaharienne&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Epidemiologie-+" rel="tag"&gt;&#201;pid&#233;miologie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Estimateurs-a-noyau-kernel-density-+" rel="tag"&gt;Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;A series of reports developed for UNAIDS and presenting HIV estimates at sub-national level computed from Demographic and Health Surveys.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The method has been fully described in &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/HIV-estimates-at-second' class=&#034;spip_in&#034;&gt;HIV estimates at second subnational level from national population-based surveys&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;i&gt;AIDS&lt;/i&gt; 2014).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Reports are available on &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/dataanalysis/knowyourepidemic/epidemiologypublications&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;UNAIDS webiste&lt;/a&gt;, under the &lt;i&gt;Subnational estimates from survey data&lt;/i&gt; heading.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
References&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;a id='pagination_biblio' class='pagination_ancre'&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;form method=&#034;get&#034; action=&#034;spip.php&#034; target=&#034;_blank&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;hidden&#034; name=&#034;page&#034; value=&#034;zotspip_unapi&#034;&gt; &lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;PSFGUZ7D&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Zimbabwe&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Zimbabwe: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 18 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Zimbabwe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;PSFGUZ7D&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_PSFGUZ7D&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_PSFGUZ7D').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_PSFGUZ7D&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=SXZBXG5I'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Zimbabwe_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.3&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=PSFGUZ7D&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=PSFGUZ7D&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=PSFGUZ7D&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=PSFGUZ7D&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=PSFGUZ7D&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=PSFGUZ7D&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; 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&lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Tanzania&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;United Republic of Tanzania: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 24 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Tanzania.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;AKVIKS69&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_AKVIKS69&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_AKVIKS69').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_AKVIKS69&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=QI5U5FAH'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Tanzania_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.4&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=AKVIKS69&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=AKVIKS69&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; 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&lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;QC69EH7K&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Malawi&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Malawi: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 15 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Malawi.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;QC69EH7K&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_QC69EH7K&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_QC69EH7K').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_QC69EH7K&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=P3QVM4ID'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Malawi_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.2&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=QC69EH7K&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX1FDNjlFSDdLJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19RQzY5RUg3SycpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;NIQTRV3G&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Guinea&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Guinea: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 17 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Guinea.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;NIQTRV3G&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_NIQTRV3G&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_NIQTRV3G').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_NIQTRV3G&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=EBCIEM4V'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Guinea_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 2.1&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=NIQTRV3G&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX05JUVRSVjNHJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19OSVFUUlYzRycpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;GV5KNCSI&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_CotedIvoire&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;C&#244;te d'Ivoire: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 21 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_CotedIvoire.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;GV5KNCSI&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_GV5KNCSI&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_GV5KNCSI').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_GV5KNCSI&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=S7CH9R5K'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Cotedivoire_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.4&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=GV5KNCSI&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX0dWNUtOQ1NJJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19HVjVLTkNTSScpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;VVBD5N8N&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_cameroon&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Cameroon: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 21 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_cameroon.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;VVBD5N8N&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_VVBD5N8N&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_VVBD5N8N').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_VVBD5N8N&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=DCKXDMBW'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Cameroon_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.4&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VVBD5N8N&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX1ZWQkQ1TjhOJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19WVkJENU44TicpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;G3CMVKMR&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Burundi&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Burundi: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 17 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Burundi.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;G3CMVKMR&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_G3CMVKMR&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_G3CMVKMR').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_G3CMVKMR&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=TXF69HSV'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Burundi_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.4&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=G3CMVKMR&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX0czQ01WS01SJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19HM0NNVktNUicpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;VAWTDQ4G&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_BurkinaFaso&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Burkina Faso: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 17 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_BurkinaFaso.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;VAWTDQ4G&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_VAWTDQ4G&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_VAWTDQ4G').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_VAWTDQ4G&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=7VC4EJ7W'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_BurkinaFaso_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 452.4&#160;KiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=VAWTDQ4G&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX1ZBV1REUTRHJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19WQVdURFE0RycpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;MVPTEGMT&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Uganda&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Uganda: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 22 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Uganda.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;MVPTEGMT&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_MVPTEGMT&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_MVPTEGMT').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_MVPTEGMT&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=V9NRS3AG'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Uganda_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.4&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=MVPTEGMT&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX01WUFRFR01UJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19NVlBURUdNVCcpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;JPENEIEC&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Rwanda&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Rwanda: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 17 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Rwanda.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;JPENEIEC&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_JPENEIEC&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_JPENEIEC').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_JPENEIEC&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=XJR32CZM'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Rwanda_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.4&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=JPENEIEC&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzX0pQRU5FSUVDJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc19KUEVORUlFQycpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;4UQIFFMU&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Lesotho&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Lesotho: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 16 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Lesotho.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;4UQIFFMU&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_4UQIFFMU&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_4UQIFFMU').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_4UQIFFMU&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=WJATWFI9'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Lesotho_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.3&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=4UQIFFMU&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzXzRVUUlGRk1VJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc180VVFJRkZNVScpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/report.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;42JKMX9J&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Haiti&#034; title=&#034;Link to the ressource&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/url-25498.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2014) &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;Haiti: Developing subnational estimates of HIV prevalence and the number of people living with HIV&lt;/span&gt; (JC2665E), Geneva&#160;: UNAIDS, 17 p. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2014/2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Haiti.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;42JKMX9J&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_42JKMX9J&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_42JKMX9J').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_42JKMX9J&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;sousitem&#034;&gt; &lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L350xH150/attachment-pdf-d1ca1.svg?1733241061' height='150' width='350' alt=&#034;Attachment&#034; /&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_file&amp;zitem=GR978BRD'&gt;2014_subnationalestimatessurvey_Haiti_en.pdf&lt;/a&gt; 1.3&#160;MiB &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; 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&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzXzQySktNWDlKJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc180MkpLTVg5SicpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;li class=&#034;zotspip_item&#034; style=&#034;list-style-type:none; padding-left:44px;background-size: 32px 32px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-image:url(plugins/auto/zotspip/v4.1.1/images/zotero/journalArticle.svg);&#034;&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;checkbox&#034; name=&#034;id[]&#034; value=&#034;5Z97K63R&#034; class=&#034;zotspip_select_ref&#034; /&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;liens&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;http://dx.doi.org/10.1097%2FQAD.0000000000001075&#034; title=&#034;Identify the resource from DOI&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L640xH640/go-85233.svg?1733241061' alt='' width='640' height='640' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;div class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Subnational Estimates Working Group of the HIV Modelling Consortium&lt;/span&gt; (2016) &#8220;Evaluation of geospatial methods to generate subnational HIV prevalence estimates for local level planning&#8221;, &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;AIDS (London, England)&lt;/span&gt;, 30 (9) (June 1), p.&#160;1467-1474. DOI&#160;: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000001075.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;5Z97K63R&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;afficher_details&#034; id=&#034;afficher_details_5Z97K63R&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;$('#details_5Z97K63R').toggle(400);&#034;&gt;Show/hide details&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034; id=&#034;details_5Z97K63R&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;details&#034;&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;resume&#034;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abstract:&lt;/strong&gt; OBJECTIVE: There is evidence of substantial subnational variation in the HIV epidemic. However, robust spatial HIV data are often only available at high levels of geographic aggregation and not at the finer resolution needed for decision making. Therefore, spatial analysis methods that leverage available data to provide local estimates of HIV prevalence may be useful. Such methods exist but have not been formally compared when applied to HIV.
DESIGN/METHODS: Six candidate methods - including those used by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS to generate maps and a Bayesian geostatistical approach applied to other diseases - were used to generate maps and subnational estimates of HIV prevalence across three countries using cluster level data from household surveys. Two approaches were used to assess the accuracy of predictions: internal validation, whereby a proportion of input data is held back (test dataset) to challenge predictions; and comparison with location-specific data from household surveys in earlier years.
RESULTS: Each of the methods can generate usefully accurate predictions of prevalence at unsampled locations, with the magnitude of the error in predictions similar across approaches. However, the Bayesian geostatistical approach consistently gave marginally the strongest statistical performance across countries and validation procedures.
CONCLUSIONS: Available methods may be able to furnish estimates of HIV prevalence at finer spatial scales than the data currently allow. The subnational variation revealed can be integrated into planning to ensure responsiveness to the spatial features of the epidemic. The Bayesian geostatistical approach is a promising strategy for integrating HIV data to generate robust local estimates.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;export&#034;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Export the reference:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=bibtex'&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=mods'&gt;MODS&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=refer'&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=rdf_bibliontology'&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=rdf_dc'&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=rdf_zotero'&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=ris'&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=zotspip_unapi&amp;id=5Z97K63R&amp;format=wikipedia'&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/li&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;PHNjcmlwdCB0eXBlPSJ0ZXh0L2phdmFzY3JpcHQiPg0KCSQoZG9jdW1lbnQpLnJlYWR5KGZ1bmN0aW9uKCl7DQoJCSQoJyNhZmZpY2hlcl9kZXRhaWxzXzVaOTdLNjNSJykuc2hvdygpOw0KCQkkKCcjZGV0YWlsc181Wjk3SzYzUicpLmhpZGUoKTsNCgl9KTsNCiA8L3NjcmlwdD4=&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;zotspip_export_select&#034;&gt; --- &lt;div class=&#034;zotspip_select_all&#034; style=&#034;display:none;&#034;&gt; &lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;jQuery('input.zotspip_select_ref').attr('checked','checked');zotspip_test_if_ref_select();&#034;&gt;Select all&lt;/a&gt; | &lt;a href=&#034;javascript:void(0);&#034; onClick=&#034;jQuery('input.zotspip_select_ref').removeAttr('checked');zotspip_test_if_ref_select();&#034;&gt;Unselect all&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt; Export the selection using the format &lt;select name=&#034;format&#034;&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;bibtex&#034;&gt;BibTeX&lt;/option&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;mods&#034;&gt;MODS&lt;/option&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;refer&#034;&gt;Refer/BibIX&lt;/option&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;rdf_bibliontology&#034;&gt;Bibliographic Ontology RDF&lt;/option&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;rdf_dc&#034;&gt;Unqualified Dublin Core RDF&lt;/option&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;rdf_zotero&#034;&gt;Zotero RDF&lt;/option&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;ris&#034;&gt;RIS (EndNote)&lt;/option&gt; &lt;option value=&#034;wikipedia&#034;&gt;Wikipedia Citation Templates&lt;/option&gt; &lt;/select&gt; &lt;input type=&#034;submit&#034; class=&#034;submit zotspip_export_button&#034; value=&#034;Export&#034; /&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class=&#034;base64javascript135861445869d40599389ff7.78448014&#034; title=&#034;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&#034;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/form&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>HIV estimates at second subnational level from national population-based surveys</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/HIV-estimates-at-second</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/HIV-estimates-at-second</guid>
		<dc:date>2014-11-21T09:43:37Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>VIH / SIDA</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>M&#233;thodologie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mod&#233;lisation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Afrique subsaharienne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>&#201;pid&#233;miologie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Published in AIDS in November 2014. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Authors &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Larmarange Joseph1 and Bendaud Victoria2 Ceped (UMR 196 Paris Descartes Ined IRD), IRD, Paris, France Strategic Information and Monitoring Division, UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Objectives: &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
A better understanding of the subnational variations could be paramount to the efficiency and effectiveness of the response to the HIV epidemic. The purpose of this study is to describe the methodology used to produce the first estimates at&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Estimateurs-a-noyau-kernel-density-+" rel="tag"&gt;Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Published in &lt;i&gt;AIDS&lt;/i&gt; in November 2014.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Authors&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Larmarange Joseph&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Bendaud Victoria&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; Ceped (UMR 196 Paris Descartes Ined IRD), IRD, Paris, France&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Strategic Information and Monitoring Division, UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Abstract&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A better understanding of the subnational variations could be paramount to the efficiency and effectiveness of the response to the HIV epidemic. The purpose of this study is to describe the methodology used to produce the first estimates at second subnational level released by UNAIDS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We selected national population-based surveys with HIV testing and survey clusters geolocation, conducted in 2008 or later. A kernel density estimation approach (prevR) with adaptive bandwidths was used to generate a surface of HIV prevalence. This surface was combined with LandScan global population distribution grid to estimate the spatial distribution of people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Finally, results were adjusted to national UNAIDS's published estimates and merged per second subnational administrative unit. An indicator of the quality of the estimates was computed for each administrative unit.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These estimates combine two complementary approaches: the prevR method, focusing on spatial variations of HIV prevalence, as well as national estimates published by UNAIDS, taking into account trends of HIV prevalence over time. Seventeen country reports have been produced. However, quality of the estimates at second subnational level is highly heterogonous between countries, depending on the number of units and the survey sampling size. In some countries, estimates at second subnational level are very uncertain and should be interpreted with caution.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These estimates at second subnational level constitute a first step to help countries to better understand their HIV epidemic and to inform programming at lower geographical levels. Further developments are needed to better match local needs.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Citation&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;7PKC8HVT&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph and &lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Bendaud&lt;/span&gt; Victoria (2014) &#8220;HIV estimates at second subnational level from national population-based surveys:&#8221;, &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;AIDS&lt;/span&gt;, 28, p.&#160;S469-S476. DOI&#160;: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000480. http://content.wkhealth.com/linkback/openurl?sid=WKPTLP:landingpage&amp;an=00002030-201411004-00008.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Mapping Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS): a method to estimate regional trends of a proportion</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/mapping-demographic-and-health</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/mapping-demographic-and-health</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-09-01T03:25:16Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>M&#233;thodologie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Mod&#233;lisation</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Afrique subsaharienne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>R (logiciel)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Poster presented at XXVII IUSSP International Population Conference in Busan (August 2013). &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Author &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Joseph Larmarange &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
For many countries, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are the main national source of data (depending on the subject). Several DHS collect latitude and longitude of surveyed clusters but the sampling method is not appropriate to derive local estimates: sample size is not large enough for a direct spatial interpolation.&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Poster presented at XXVII IUSSP International Population Conference in Busan (August 2013).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Author&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Joseph Larmarange&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Abstract&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For many countries, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are the main national source of data (depending on the subject). Several DHS collect latitude and longitude of surveyed clusters but the sampling method is not appropriate to derive local estimates: sample size is not large enough for a direct spatial interpolation. We develop a methodological approach for estimating a proportion by using kernel density estimators with adaptive bandwidths of equal number of persons surveyed. The method was tested by creating a fictitious country from which survey datasets were produced. We compared the prevalence surface estimated from survey data with the model's original prevalence surface. This method makes it possible to achieve a smoothing effect that adapts to the high irregularity of spatial distribution among the survey clusters. The surfaces thus generated are relatively accurate for densely populated areas and strongly smoothed in sparsely surveyed areas. Although local variations were filtered out, the regional component in the spatial variation of prevalence was reproduced, and the estimated prevalence surfaces could be interpreted as regional trend surfaces. Furthermore, this approach could be easily applied using prevR, a dedicated package for the statistical software R.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Reference&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;abbr class=&#034;unapi-id&#034; title=&#034;7QMVQRCS&#034;&gt;&lt;/abbr&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csl-bib-body&#034;&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;csl-entry&#034;&gt;&lt;span style=&#034;font-variant: small-caps;&#034;&gt;Larmarange&lt;/span&gt; Joseph (2013) &#8220;Mapping Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS): a method to estimate regional trends of a proportion (prevR)&#8221; (poster, session 176), presented at the &lt;span style=&#034;font-style: italic;&#034; &gt;XXVII IUSSP International Population Conference&lt;/span&gt;, Busan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>M&#233;thodes pour cartographier les tendances r&#233;gionales de la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; partir des Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233; (EDS)</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/Methodes-pour-cartographier-les</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/Methodes-pour-cartographier-les</guid>
		<dc:date>2011-06-16T16:16:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>VIH / SIDA</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>M&#233;thodologie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Burkina Faso</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Afrique subsaharienne</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>R (logiciel)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Auteurs Joseph Larmarange CEPED (UMR 196 Paris Descartes INED IRD), IRD, France. Roselyne Vallo Universit&#233; de Montpellier I / INSERM U 1058 / D&#233;partements d'information m&#233;dicale et d'anatomie cytologie pathologiques, CHU Montpellier, France. Seydou Yaro Centre Muraz, Burkina Faso. Philippe Msellati UMI 233 IRD/Universit&#233; de Montpellier I, France. Nicolas M&#233;da Centre Muraz, Burkina Faso. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
R&#233;sum&#233; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Pour de nombreux pays, en particulier en Afrique subsaharienne, les Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Publications-11-" rel="directory"&gt;Publications&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalences-du-VIH-ANRS-12114-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-VIH-SIDA-+" rel="tag"&gt;VIH / SIDA&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Methodologie-+" rel="tag"&gt;M&#233;thodologie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cartographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cartographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-EDS-Enquetes-Demographiques-et-de-+" rel="tag"&gt;EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Burkina-Faso-+" rel="tag"&gt;Burkina Faso&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Afrique-subsaharienne-+" rel="tag"&gt;Afrique subsaharienne&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-R-logiciel-+" rel="tag"&gt;R (logiciel)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Estimateurs-a-noyau-kernel-density-+" rel="tag"&gt;Estimateurs &#224; noyau (kernel density estimation)&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;cite cite_journal&#034;&gt; &lt;span class=&#034;cite_authors&#034;&gt;Larmarange Joseph, Vallo Roselyne, Yaro Seydou, Msellati Philippe, M&#233;da Nicolas&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&#034;cite_year&#034;&gt;(2011)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class=&#034;cite_title&#034;&gt;&#8220;M&#233;thodes pour cartographier les tendances r&#233;gionales de la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; partir des Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233; (EDS)&#8221;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;i class=&#034;cite_journal&#034;&gt;Cybergeo : European Journal of Geography&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;span class=&#034;cite_volume&#034;&gt;539&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&#034;cite_url&#034;&gt;(&lt;a href=&#034;http://cybergeo.revues.org/23782 doi=10.4000/cybergeo.23782&#034;&gt;http://cybergeo.revues.org/23782 doi=10.4000/cybergeo.23782&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;cite_exports&#034;&gt;, &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=export_ris_journal&amp;authors=Larmarange, Joseph; Vallo, Roselyne; Yaro, Seydou; Msellati, Philippe; M&#233;da, Nicolas&amp;year=2011&amp;title=M&#233;thodes pour cartographier les tendances r&#233;gionales de la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; partir des Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233; (EDS)&amp;journal=Cybergeo&#8239;: European Journal of Geography&amp;volume=539&amp;issue=&amp;pages=&amp;doi=&amp;issn=&amp;url=http://cybergeo.revues.org/23782 doi=10.4000/cybergeo.23782' class=&#034;cite_ris&#034; title=&#034;T&#233;l&#233;charger la r&#233;f&#233;rence au format RIS&#034;&gt;RIS&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=export_bibtex_journal&amp;authors=Larmarange, Joseph; Vallo, Roselyne; Yaro, Seydou; Msellati, Philippe; M&#233;da, Nicolas&amp;year=2011&amp;title=M&#233;thodes pour cartographier les tendances r&#233;gionales de la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; partir des Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233; (EDS)&amp;journal=Cybergeo&#8239;: European Journal of Geography&amp;volume=539&amp;issue=&amp;pages=&amp;doi=&amp;issn=&amp;url=http://cybergeo.revues.org/23782 doi=10.4000/cybergeo.23782' class=&#034;cite_bibtex&#034; title=&#034;T&#233;l&#233;charger la r&#233;f&#233;rence au format BibTeX&#034;&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;cite cite_journal&#034;&gt; &lt;span class=&#034;cite_authors&#034;&gt;Larmarange Joseph, Vallo Roselyne, Yaro Seydou, Msellati Philippe, M&#233;da Nicolas&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&#034;cite_year&#034;&gt;(2011)&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;span class=&#034;cite_title&#034;&gt;&#8220;Methods for mapping regional trends of HIV prevalence from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)&#8221;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;i class=&#034;cite_journal&#034;&gt;Cybergeo : European Journal of Geography&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;span class=&#034;cite_volume&#034;&gt;558&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span class=&#034;cite_doi&#034;&gt;doi: &lt;a href=&#034;http://dx.doi.org/10.4000%2Fcybergeo.24606&#034;&gt;10.4000/cybergeo.24606&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&#034;cite_url&#034;&gt;(&lt;a href=&#034;http://cybergeo.revues.org/24606&#034;&gt;http://cybergeo.revues.org/24606&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&#034;cite_exports&#034;&gt;, &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=export_ris_journal&amp;authors=Larmarange, Joseph; Vallo, Roselyne; Yaro, Seydou; Msellati, Philippe; M&#233;da, Nicolas&amp;year=2011&amp;title=Methods for mapping regional trends of HIV prevalence from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)&amp;journal=Cybergeo&#8239;: European Journal of Geography&amp;volume=558&amp;issue=&amp;pages=&amp;doi=10.4000/cybergeo.24606&amp;issn=&amp;url=http://cybergeo.revues.org/24606' class=&#034;cite_ris&#034; title=&#034;T&#233;l&#233;charger la r&#233;f&#233;rence au format RIS&#034;&gt;RIS&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/spip.php?page=export_bibtex_journal&amp;authors=Larmarange, Joseph; Vallo, Roselyne; Yaro, Seydou; Msellati, Philippe; M&#233;da, Nicolas&amp;year=2011&amp;title=Methods for mapping regional trends of HIV prevalence from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)&amp;journal=Cybergeo&#8239;: European Journal of Geography&amp;volume=558&amp;issue=&amp;pages=&amp;doi=10.4000/cybergeo.24606&amp;issn=&amp;url=http://cybergeo.revues.org/24606' class=&#034;cite_bibtex&#034; title=&#034;T&#233;l&#233;charger la r&#233;f&#233;rence au format BibTeX&#034;&gt;BibTeX&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Auteurs&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; Joseph Larmarange&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;CEPED (UMR 196 Paris Descartes INED IRD), IRD, France.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Roselyne Vallo&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Universit&#233; de Montpellier I / INSERM U 1058 / D&#233;partements d'information m&#233;dicale et d'anatomie cytologie pathologiques, CHU Montpellier, France.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Seydou Yaro&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Centre Muraz, Burkina Faso.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Philippe Msellati&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;UMI 233 IRD/Universit&#233; de Montpellier I, France.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; Nicolas M&#233;da&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Centre Muraz, Burkina Faso.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
R&#233;sum&#233;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Pour de nombreux pays, en particulier en Afrique subsaharienne, les Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233; (EDS) constituent la principale estimation de la pr&#233;valence du VIH au niveau national et en population g&#233;n&#233;rale. Plusieurs EDS collectent la longitude et la latitude des grappes enqu&#234;t&#233;es.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Dans cet article, nous pr&#233;sentons trois approches m&#233;thodologiques pour cartographier les variations spatiales de la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; partir des EDS. Ces approches sont appliqu&#233;es &#224; des simulations d'EDS &#233;chantillonn&#233;es &#224; partir d'un pays mod&#232;le. Les surfaces estim&#233;es sont alors compar&#233;es &#224; la surface initiale du mod&#232;le.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nous montrons qu'une m&#233;thode utilisant des estimateurs &#224; noyau &#224; fen&#234;tres adaptatives de m&#234;me effectif permet d'estimer les principales tendances r&#233;gionales des &#233;pid&#233;mies. Son application aux donn&#233;es de l'EDS 2003 du Burkina Faso fournit une image plausible de la situation &#233;pid&#233;miologique dans ce pays.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Mots-cl&#233;s&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Interpolation, interpolation par noyaux, tendances r&#233;gionales, m&#233;thodologie, enqu&#234;tes d&#233;mographiques et de sant&#233;, pays en d&#233;veloppement, VIH.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
&lt;span lang='en'&gt;Title&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang='en'&gt;Methods for mapping regional trends of HIV prevalence from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
&lt;span lang='en'&gt;Abstract&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang='en'&gt;For many countries, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are the main estimates of HIV prevalence at national level in general population. Several DHS collect longitude and latitude of surveyed clusters.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In this paper, we present three methodological approaches for mapping spatial variations of HIV prevalence from DHS. These approaches are applied to DHS simulation sampled from a model country. The estimated surfaces are then compared with the initial surface of the model.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;We show that a method using kernel estimators with adaptive bandwidths of the same number of observed people allows estimating main regional trends of the epidemics. Its application to data from 2003 DHS of Burkina Faso give a plausible picture of the epidemiological situation in this country.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
&lt;span lang='en'&gt;Key-words&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang='en'&gt;Interpolation, kernel interpolation, regional trends, methodology, demographic and health surveys, developing countries, HIV.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Remerciements&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Ce travail a b&#233;n&#233;fici&#233; du support financier de l'Agence Nationale de Recherche sur le VIH/Sida et les h&#233;patites virales (projet ANRS 12114).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;hr /&gt;
		&lt;div &lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#034;http://cybergeo.revues.org/23782&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;Voir en ligne&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href=&#034;http://cybergeo.revues.org/24606&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; hreflang=&#034;en&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;span lang='en'&gt;See online&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Mapping HIV prevalence in Africa for a better understanding of epidemics&#160;: example from Burkina Faso using 2003 demographic and health survey data</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/Mapping-HIV-prevalence-in-Africa-123</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/Mapping-HIV-prevalence-in-Africa-123</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-07-30T11:31:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>VIH / SIDA</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Burkina Faso</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Poster presented at the XVIII International AIDS Conference in Vienna (18-23 July 2010). This poster received the IAS/ANRS Young Investigator Award. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Authors &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
J. Larmarange, R. Vallo, S. Yaro, P. Msellati, N. M&#233;da, B. Ferry &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Backgrounds &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Since 2001, several Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) include HIV testing. We developed a generic approach to map spatial trends of HIV prevalence from DHS (free software online). We present how our results from Burkina Faso 2003 DHS shed&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Communications-" rel="directory"&gt;Communications&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalences-du-VIH-ANRS-12114-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-VIH-SIDA-+" rel="tag"&gt;VIH / SIDA&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalence-du-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valence du VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cartographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cartographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Burkina-Faso-+" rel="tag"&gt;Burkina Faso&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Poster presented at the &lt;i&gt;XVIII International AIDS Conference&lt;/i&gt; in Vienna (18-23 July 2010). This poster received the IAS/ANRS Young Investigator Award.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Authors&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;J. Larmarange, R. Vallo, S. Yaro, P. Msellati, N. M&#233;da, B. Ferry&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Abstract&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Backgrounds&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Since 2001, several Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) include HIV testing. We developed a generic approach to map spatial trends of HIV prevalence from DHS (free software online). We present how our results from Burkina Faso 2003 DHS shed new light on HIV epidemics.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;An estimation is made of regional spatial trends of HIV prevalence for each surveyed cluster by aggregating data from neighbouring clusters, using rings of the same number of tested persons and taking into account main urban agglomerations. The map is then generated by spatial interpolation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;figure class='spip_document_175 spip_documents spip_documents_center media media_image media_image_jpg'&gt;&lt;a href='http://joseph.larmarange.net/IMG/jpg/maps-burkina-faso.jpg' class=&#034;spip_in&#034; title=&#034;jpg/maps-burkina-faso.jpg&#034; hreflang=&#034;&#034; type=&#034;image/jpeg&#034;&gt;&lt;img src='http://joseph.larmarange.net/local/cache-vignettes/L418xH360/maps-burkina-faso-347c5-a5e61.jpg?1643659230' width='418' height='360' alt='JPEG - 178.2 kio' /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/figure&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This map is coherent with the knowledge we had of HIV epidemic in this country. Prevalence is higher in main cities and small cities along main roads.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The region around Di&#233;bougou and Gaoua was particularly affected, a data which had not shown on antenatal surveillance. In addition to its proximity to Ivory Coast and Ghana, it is a major gold-washing zone which also has lot of migrant men and sex workers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The map showed similarities with migration areas in the 80's and 90's and with repatriate returns from Ivory Coast at the end of 2002 and beginning of 2003.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Lastly, our results diverge from antenatal surveillance around Kaya. The high prevalence observed in this rural clinic is not representative of the low prevalence at a regional level.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;HIV prevalence mapping highlights differences that were not visible using antenatal surveillance&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;; allows identifying most prevalent areas&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;; constitutes a monitoring and evaluation tool&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;; and suggest new research fields to investigate.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Cartographier la pr&#233;valence du VIH pour mieux comprendre l'&#233;pid&#233;mie&#160;: l'exemple du Burkina Faso &#224; partir de l'Enqu&#234;te D&#233;mographique et de Sant&#233; de 2003</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/Cartographier-la-prevalence-du-VIH,120</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/Cartographier-la-prevalence-du-VIH,120</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-03-31T12:23:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Burkina Faso</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Pr&#233;sentation r&#233;alis&#233;e &#224; la 5&lt;sup class=&#034;typo_exposants&#034;&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; Conf&#233;rence Francophone sur le VIH/Sida. &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Auteurs &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
J. Larmarange, R. Vallo, S. Yaro, P. Msellati, N. M&#233;da, B. Ferry &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
R&#233;sum&#233; &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Objet &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Depuis 2001, plusieurs Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sante (EDS) incorporent le d&#233;pistage du VIH. Pour de nombreux pays, il s'agit de l'unique source de donn&#233;es sur la pr&#233;valence du VIH en population g&#233;n&#233;rale &#224; l'&#233;chelle nationale. Nous avons d&#233;velopp&#233; une approche g&#233;n&#233;rique pour cartographier la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; partir des&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Communications-" rel="directory"&gt;Communications&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalences-du-VIH-ANRS-12114-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalence-du-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valence du VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cartographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cartographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-EDS-Enquetes-Demographiques-et-de-+" rel="tag"&gt;EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Burkina-Faso-+" rel="tag"&gt;Burkina Faso&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pr&#233;sentation r&#233;alis&#233;e &#224; la &lt;i&gt;5&lt;sup class=&#034;typo_exposants&#034;&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; Conf&#233;rence Francophone sur le VIH/Sida&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Auteurs&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;J. Larmarange, R. Vallo, S. Yaro, P. Msellati, N. M&#233;da, B. Ferry&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
R&#233;sum&#233;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objet&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Depuis 2001, plusieurs Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sante (EDS) incorporent le d&#233;pistage du VIH. Pour de nombreux pays, il s'agit de l'unique source de donn&#233;es sur la pr&#233;valence du VIH en population g&#233;n&#233;rale &#224; l'&#233;chelle nationale. Nous avons d&#233;velopp&#233; une approche g&#233;n&#233;rique pour cartographier la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; partir des EDS (logiciel prevR disponible en ligne) et l'avons appliqu&#233;e &#224; l'EDS 2003 du Burkina Faso. Nous montrons ensuite comment nos r&#233;sultats apportent un &#233;clairage nouveau sur l'&#233;pid&#233;mie au Burkina Faso.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;M&#233;thodes&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Une tendance spatiale r&#233;gionale de la pr&#233;valence du VIH est calcul&#233;e pour chaque zone enqu&#234;t&#233;e &#224; partir de techniques en composantes d'&#233;chelle en ayant recours &#224; des cercles de m&#234;me effectifs et en tenant compte des principales agglom&#233;rations urbaines. Une carte est ensuite produite par interpolation spatiale selon la m&#233;thode du krigeage ordinaire. Elle reproduit les gradients spatiaux de la pr&#233;valence du VIH &#224; des &#233;chelles infrar&#233;gionales (dans un rayon de 30 &#224; 100 kilom&#232;tres).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;R&#233;sultats obtenus&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les foyers d'infections se situent principalement au niveau des agglom&#233;rations urbaines&#160;: Ouagadougou, la capitale, mais aussi les principales villes situ&#233;es sur les axes routiers vers le Mali et la C&#244;te d'Ivoire.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
La r&#233;gion entre D&#233;bougou et Gaoua est particuli&#232;rement touch&#233;e, ce qui n'&#233;tait pas visible &#224; partir de la surveillance sentinelle des femmes enceintes. Outre sa proximit&#233; avec la C&#244;te d'Ivoire et le Ghana, elle est connue comme une zone importante d'orpaillage.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
La carte obtenue pr&#233;sente des similitudes avec celle des zones migratoires traditionnelles du Burkina Faso et avec celle des retours de rapatri&#233;s burkinab&#233;s depuis la C&#244;te d'Ivoire fin 2002.&lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Enfin, nos r&#233;sultats montrent des divergences avec la surveillance sentinelle en milieu rural autour de Kaya. Cette derni&#232;re a observ&#233; une pr&#233;valence &#233;lev&#233;e qui, en fait, ne traduit pas l'&#233;pid&#233;mie r&#233;gionale mais seulement un pic local.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;La cartographie des pr&#233;valences met en &#233;vidence des diff&#233;rentiels non visibles via la surveillance sentinelle des femmes enceintes&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;; permet d'identifier les zones les plus touch&#233;es, constituant en cela un outil de planification et d'&#233;valuation&lt;small class=&#034;fine d-inline&#034;&gt;&#160;&lt;/small&gt;; et sugg&#232;re de nouvelles pistes de recherche &#224; explorer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Calculer des tendances r&#233;gionales &#224; partir d'une enqu&#234;te aupr&#232;s des m&#233;nages&#160;: cas de la pr&#233;valence du VIH dans les Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233; (EDS)</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/calculer-des-tendances-regionales</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/calculer-des-tendances-regionales</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-03-25T15:24:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valence du VIH</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Communication orale pr&#233;sent&#233;e au 6&lt;sup class=&#034;typo_exposants&#034;&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; Colloque francophone sur les sondages (Tanger, 23 au 25&#160;mars 2010). &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt; Auteurs LARMARANGE Joseph, Centre Population &amp; D&#233;veloppement UMR 196, Institut de Recherche pour le D&#233;veloppement, Paris VALLO Roselyne, EA 4205, Universit&#233; de Montpellier I, Montpellier YARO Seydou, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso MSELLATI Philippe, SIDA et Maladies associ&#233;es UMR 145, Institut de Recherche pour le D&#233;veloppement, Universit&#233; de Montpellier I, Montpellier M&#201;DA Nicolas,&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Communications-" rel="directory"&gt;Communications&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalences-du-VIH-ANRS-12114-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalence-du-VIH-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valence du VIH&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cartographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cartographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;&lt;p&gt;Communication orale pr&#233;sent&#233;e au &lt;i&gt;6&lt;sup&gt;e&lt;/sup&gt; Colloque francophone sur les sondages&lt;/i&gt; (Tanger, 23 au 25&#160;mars 2010).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Auteurs&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul class=&#034;spip&#034; role=&#034;list&#034;&gt;&lt;li&gt; LARMARANGE Joseph, Centre Population &amp; D&#233;veloppement UMR 196, Institut de Recherche pour le D&#233;veloppement, Paris&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; VALLO Roselyne, EA 4205, Universit&#233; de Montpellier I, Montpellier&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; YARO Seydou, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; MSELLATI Philippe, SIDA et Maladies associ&#233;es UMR 145, Institut de Recherche pour le D&#233;veloppement, Universit&#233; de Montpellier I, Montpellier&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; M&#201;DA Nicolas, Centre Muraz, Bobo-Dioulasso&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt; FERRY Beno&#238;t, Centre Population &amp; D&#233;veloppement UMR 196, Institut de Recherche pour le D&#233;veloppement, Paris&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
R&#233;sum&#233;&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233; (EDS) constituent un important programme men&#233; dans plus de 75 pays du Sud. Ces enqu&#234;tes portent sur des sujets vari&#233;es et nombre d'EDS incorporent &#233;galement la g&#233;olocalisation des zones enqu&#234;t&#233;es (longitude et latitude). Depuis 2001, plusieurs EDS ont int&#233;gr&#233; un module de d&#233;pistage du VIH.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les EDS sont des enqu&#234;tes aupr&#232;s des m&#233;nages, en population g&#233;n&#233;rale, repr&#233;sentatives usuellement au niveau national et r&#233;gional, stratifi&#233;es par r&#233;gion et milieu de r&#233;sidence, avec un sondage en grappe &#224; deux degr&#233;s. Au premier degr&#233;, les grappes (zones de d&#233;nombrement au dernier recensement) sont s&#233;lectionn&#233;es avec une probabilit&#233; proportionnelle &#224; leur nombre de m&#233;nages. La r&#233;partition spatiale de ces grappes refl&#232;te de fait la densit&#233; de la population. Au second degr&#233;, les m&#233;nages enqu&#234;t&#233;s sont s&#233;lectionn&#233;s par tirage au sort simple. Pour le d&#233;pistage du VIH, le nombre de personnes test&#233;es varie entre 5 000 et 12 000 et celui de grappes entre 300 et 500, soit un nombre moyen de personnes test&#233;es par grappe de 12 &#224; 40 personnes.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Du fait des petits effectifs, le calcul d'une pr&#233;valence du VIH (proportion de personnes infect&#233;es) pour chaque grappe n'est pas pertinent&#160;: les pr&#233;valences observ&#233;es par grappe traduisent plus les variations al&#233;atoires de l'&#233;chantillonnage que les variations r&#233;elles des &#233;pid&#233;mies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Les analyses spatiales en composantes d'&#233;chelles consistent &#224; s&#233;parer un ph&#233;nom&#232;ne comme une somme d'une composante d'&#233;chelle sup&#233;rieure (composante r&#233;gionale) et une composante d'&#233;chelle inf&#233;rieure (r&#233;sidu local). Cette d&#233;composition peut &#234;tre obtenue en proc&#233;dant &#224; un lissage spatial, le plus souvent par des cercles de m&#234;me rayon. Les EDS &#233;tant &#233;chantillonn&#233;es proportionnellement &#224; leur population, une approche par cercle de m&#234;me rayon est peu pertinente en raison de la r&#233;partition tr&#232;s in&#233;gale des grappes sur le territoire.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nous avons d&#233;velopp&#233; une approche calculant les composantes r&#233;gionales de chaque grappe en agr&#233;geant les observations des grappes voisines par le biais de cercles de m&#234;me effectif. Ces composantes r&#233;gionales peuvent ensuite &#234;tre interpol&#233;es spatialement pour produire une carte. L'estimation des composantes r&#233;gionales de chaque grappe vise &#224; r&#233;duire les al&#233;as statistiques du tirage au second degr&#233; des EDS. L'interpolation spatiale, quant &#224; elle, permet de compenser le tirage au premier degr&#233;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Pour tester et v&#233;rifier notre approche, nous avons eu recours &#224; un pays virtuel sur lequel nous avons simul&#233; des EDS. Il est alors possible de comparer graphiquement les r&#233;sultats obtenus apr&#232;s lissage des donn&#233;es d'enqu&#234;tes simul&#233;es avec l'&#233;pid&#233;mie initiale du mod&#232;le. De m&#234;me, nous avons pu calculer les valeurs de N (effectif minimum des cercles de lissage) qui minimisaient simultan&#233;ment les erreurs al&#233;atoires et les r&#233;sidus locaux.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Nous avons pu reconstituer les principales tendances r&#233;gionales de l'&#233;pid&#233;mie du mod&#232;le. Ainsi, cette approche permet une premi&#232;re exploration des donn&#233;es pr&#233;sentes dans une EDS et d'obtenir des cartes plus fines que des aplats de couleurs par r&#233;gion administrative. Sa mise en &#339;uvre est en outre ais&#233;e gr&#226;ce &#224; prevR, un package R que nous avons d&#233;velopp&#233;, disponible en ligne. Enfin, elle peut &#234;tre appliqu&#233;e &#224; d'autres indicateurs des EDS.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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<item xml:lang="fr">
		<title>Estimating spatial sub-national variations from demographic and health surveys data</title>
		<link>http://joseph.larmarange.net/estimating-spatial-sub-national</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://joseph.larmarange.net/estimating-spatial-sub-national</guid>
		<dc:date>2010-01-20T17:12:34Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Joseph LARMARANGE</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Interpolation spatiale</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Cartographie</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>prevR</dc:subject>

		<description>
&lt;p&gt;Authors &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Joseph Larmarange, Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement (CEPED) Roselyne Vallo, Universit&#233; de Montpellier I Seydou Yaro, Centre Muraz Philippe Msellati, Institut de Recherche pour le D&#233;veloppement (IRD) Nicolas Meda, Centre Muraz Beno&#238;t Ferry, Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement (CEPED) &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
Abstract &lt;br class='autobr' /&gt;
For many countries, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are the only national source of data (depending of the&#160;(&#8230;)&lt;/p&gt;


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&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/-Communications-" rel="directory"&gt;Communications&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Prevalences-du-VIH-ANRS-12114-+" rel="tag"&gt;Pr&#233;valences du VIH (ANRS 12114)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Interpolation-spatiale-+" rel="tag"&gt;Interpolation spatiale&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-Cartographie-+" rel="tag"&gt;Cartographie&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-EDS-Enquetes-Demographiques-et-de-+" rel="tag"&gt;EDS (Enqu&#234;tes D&#233;mographiques et de Sant&#233;)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="http://joseph.larmarange.net/+-prevR-+" rel="tag"&gt;prevR&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Authors&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Joseph Larmarange, Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement (CEPED)&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Roselyne Vallo, Universit&#233; de Montpellier I&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Seydou Yaro, Centre Muraz&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Philippe Msellati, Institut de Recherche pour le D&#233;veloppement (IRD)&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Nicolas Meda, Centre Muraz&lt;br class='manualbr' /&gt;Beno&#238;t Ferry, Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement (CEPED)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h2 class=&#034;spip&#034;&gt;
Abstract&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p&gt;For many countries, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are the only national source of data (depending of the subject). Several DHS collect latitude and longitude of surveyed clusters but the sampling method is not appropriate to derive local estimates&#160;: sample size is not large enough for a direct spatial interpolation. We develop in this paper a new approach for estimating a proportion for each sample cluster by aggregating data from neighbouring clusters. This estimated proportion can then be interpolated by kriging method. Estimation parameters were computed from 24500 survey simulations on a model country. This approach allows estimating regional trends of a phenomenon under the assumption that it is spatially continuous. The method was developed to map HIV prevalence in Burkina Faso and Cameroon at sub-national level but it can be applied to any other proportion. Our results will be compared with maps by DHS regions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
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